Approach

你目前的英语基础已经相当扎实：词汇量大、听力强，目标是提升口语表达流利度，尤其是在面试、工作和生活场景中能脱口而出。你现在的关键问题是：“开口说”的输出能力还不够自如。

下面是一个针对程序员短期提升英语口语的高效实用方案，目标是2–3个月内达到“流畅表达”的状态：

明确目标场景：聚焦“口语输出”的实际场景

你只需专注三个高频应用场景：

面试表达（自我介绍、项目讲解、STAR 面试）
工作沟通（开会、提问、表达观点、技术交流）
生活交流（打招呼、问路、点餐、租房等）

每日训练任务（建议每天 60 分钟）

模仿输出训练法

用 Bilibili / YouTube 视频，挑选**一小段（1–2 分钟）**你想模仿的原声材料，反复模仿，直到脱口而出。

推荐材料：

短视频场景：短视频的美国人表达观点/说故事/对话, 特别推荐B站Up主邵艾伦的国际尬聊系列
面试场景：YouTube 搜索 job interview mock、Amazon behavioral interview
美剧场景：《Friends》（生活场景表达最自然, 建议模仿Joy/Rachel）、《The Office》（职场表达）、《Suits》（更高级职场）

操作步骤（Shadowing 训练法）：

找一个B站Up主邵艾伦的国际尬聊系列视频, 挑其中3分钟出来
先遮挡字幕, 看几遍看到自己不可能再听懂更多为止, 练一波自己的听力
然后看着字幕听一句，暂停，模仿一句
重复3–5次，直到你能“边听边说”
最后尝试关闭字幕复述一遍

话题输出训练

让AI给3个话题来运用语块练习, 比如问豆包: “给 3 个有故事的图片方便我用以下三个语块来描述也给我三个参考答案：There was this one time when…，和I’ll never forget the time when 和What happened was…”

然后根据这三幅图来和豆包聊天, 并让他纠错.

每天积累和复习 3–5 个“口头表达块”, 例：

面试中表达责任：“I was responsible for… / I took the lead on…”
技术场景过渡句：“We ran into a bottleneck with… / To optimize the performance, we…”
表达想法：“From my perspective… / I believe it’s critical that…”

这些“表达块”比单词更重要，是实际口语的“砖块”。

Plan

时间	W (50min)	H (120min)
周一至周六白天	读top500句10分钟 + 用3个生活类语块造句10分钟 + 和豆包打电话运用语块10分钟	用3个生活类语块造句10分钟(做饭前) + 和豆包打电话运用语块20分钟(做饭时) + 算法讲解10分钟(排便时) + 读top500句10分钟(排便时) + 找美国人说话类短视频模仿20分钟(排便时)
周一至周六晚上	找美国人说话类短视频模仿20分钟	读行为面试10分钟 + 找美国人面试视频模仿20分钟 + 用3个面试类语块造句10分钟
周日	用本周所学来生活对话(情景对话 + 说故事 + 表达观点)	模拟面试 + 用本周所学来生活对话(情景对话 + 说故事 + 表达观点)
打卡	录音上传 Ximalaya + 征服梵音群打卡	录音上传 Ximalaya + 征服梵音群打卡 + 录屏上传bilibili(可选)

生活语块1~25

There was this one time when…
- I ran into my teacher at a bar.
- I almost missed my flight because I overslept.
- 🎤 录音练习：用这个语块讲一个你感到惊讶的瞬间。
I’ll never forget the time when…
- We went hiking in the snow without proper gear.
- I met my favorite actor at the airport.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述一次特别难忘的旅行经历。
What happened was…
- I thought today was Friday, but it was Thursday.
- My phone died just when I needed to call Uber.
- 🎤 录音练习：用这个语块描述一次你出错的经历。
To be honest with you…
- I didn’t enjoy that movie as much as I expected.
- I don’t really like small talk.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达一个你真实但不太常说的想法。
The funny thing is…
- I didn’t even realize I was on mute.
- We ended up eating dessert before dinner.
- 🎤 录音练习：分享一个有趣的尴尬瞬间。
I’m trying to figure out…
- I’m trying to figure out how to fix my laptop.
- I’m trying to figure out where I left my keys.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述你目前在解决的一个问题。
I’m not really sure, but…
- I’m not really sure, but I think the meeting is at 3 PM.
- I’m not really sure, but it might rain later.
- 🎤 录音练习：用这个表达对未来的猜测。
One thing I’ve noticed is that…
- One thing I’ve noticed is that people are more friendly here.
- One thing I’ve noticed is that traffic gets worse in the evening.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述你观察到的一个现象。
It feels like…
- It feels like summer is coming early this year.
- It feels like everyone is stressed these days.
- 🎤 录音练习：用这个语块表达你的感受。
I was just about to…
- I was just about to call you.
- I was just about to leave the house.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述一个刚好发生的巧合。
I guess…
- I guess we can try that new restaurant tonight.
- I guess it’s going to be a busy week.
- 🎤 录音练习：用“我猜”表达推测。
I couldn’t believe it when…
- I couldn’t believe it when I got the job offer.
- I couldn’t believe it when my phone broke.
- 🎤 录音练习：分享一个让你难以置信的瞬间。
Let me tell you about…
- Let me tell you about the trip I took last year.
- Let me tell you about a funny thing that happened yesterday.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲一个故事的开头。
That reminds me of…
- That reminds me of when we went camping.
- That reminds me of a joke I heard recently.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它引入一个相关的话题。
Have you ever… ?
- Have you ever tried sushi?
- Have you ever been to New York?
- 🎤 录音练习：用它提问别人经历。
I’m looking forward to…
- I’m looking forward to the weekend.
- I’m looking forward to meeting your family.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈你期待的事情。
It’s kind of like…
- It’s kind of like a mini vacation.
- It’s kind of like learning a new language.
- 🎤 录音练习：用比喻解释某事。
I’d rather…
- I’d rather stay home tonight.
- I’d rather eat something healthy.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达偏好。
You know what I mean?
- That movie was so confusing, you know what I mean?
- I was super tired yesterday, you know what I mean?
- 🎤 录音练习：用它确认对方理解。
At the end of the day…
- At the end of the day, it’s about being happy.
- At the end of the day, we all want the same thing.
- 🎤 录音练习：总结一个观点。
I can’t wait to…
- I can’t wait to see the new Marvel movie.
- I can’t wait to travel again after the pandemic.
- 🎤 录音练习：说说你最期待的一件事。
It’s been a while since…
- It’s been a while since I last saw you.
- It’s been a while since I went to the gym.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈你多久没做某事了。
What do you think about… ?
- What do you think about the new restaurant downtown?
- What do you think about working from home?
- 🎤 录音练习：用它提问别人意见。
I’m not a big fan of…
- I’m not a big fan of spicy food.
- I’m not a big fan of crowded places.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达你的不喜欢。

生活语块26~50

That reminds me of…
- That reminds me of my trip to Japan.
- That reminds me of a funny story.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它引出一个相关故事。
I’m used to…
- I’m used to waking up early.
- I’m used to working late hours.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈你的习惯。
I’d love to…
- I’d love to visit Europe someday.
- I’d love to learn how to play the guitar.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达你的愿望。
It depends on…
- It depends on the weather.
- It depends on how much time I have.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它表达条件。
I’m thinking about…
- I’m thinking about changing jobs.
- I’m thinking about going back to school.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈你的计划。
I’m glad that…
- I’m glad that we met today.
- I’m glad that the meeting went well.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达感激。
Have you heard about… ?
- Have you heard about the new policy?
- Have you heard about that viral video?
- 🎤 录音练习：用它开启话题。
I can’t believe that…
- I can’t believe that we lost the game.
- I can’t believe that he forgot his keys again.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达惊讶。
I’m not sure if…
- I’m not sure if I’ll make it on time.
- I’m not sure if the event is still happening.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达不确定。
It’s hard to say…
- It’s hard to say what caused the delay.
- It’s hard to say which one is better.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它表达难以判断。
I’m looking for…
- I’m looking for a new apartment.
- I’m looking for a good coffee shop nearby.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达你的需求。
I don’t feel like…
- I don’t feel like going out tonight.
- I don’t feel like cooking today.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达不想做某事。
That sounds like…
- That sounds like a great idea.
- That sounds like a lot of work.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它回应别人的话。
I’m pretty sure…
- I’m pretty sure the meeting is at 10 AM.
- I’m pretty sure she’ll love the gift.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达自信。
It’s not my thing.
- Basketball is not my thing.
- Horror movies are not my thing.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达兴趣不大。
I’m surprised that…
- I’m surprised that he didn’t call.
- I’m surprised that the store is closed.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达惊讶。
I haven’t decided yet.
- I haven’t decided yet where to go for vacation.
- I haven’t decided yet what to cook tonight.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它谈谈你犹豫的事情。
That reminds me…
- That reminds me, I need to call my mom.
- That reminds me, we forgot to buy milk.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它引出一个新话题。
I was wondering if…
- I was wondering if you could help me with this.
- I was wondering if the store is open today.
- 🎤 录音练习：礼貌询问请求。
I didn’t expect that…
- I didn’t expect that the traffic would be so bad.
- I didn’t expect that she’d say yes.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达意外。
I’m feeling…
- I’m feeling a bit tired today.
- I’m feeling really excited about the trip.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它表达情绪。
I’m thinking it might be…
- I’m thinking it might be better to wait.
- I’m thinking it might be too late to call.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达不确定的猜测。
I could be wrong, but…
- I could be wrong, but I think the meeting is tomorrow.
- I could be wrong, but that restaurant closed last year.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它表达不确定。
It’s hard to believe that…
- It’s hard to believe that it’s already June.
- It’s hard to believe that she finished so quickly.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达惊讶。
I haven’t had a chance to…
- I haven’t had a chance to watch that movie yet.
- I haven’t had a chance to meet him in person.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达未完成的事情。
I’m not feeling well.
- I’m not feeling well today, so I’m staying home.
- I’m not feeling well after eating that.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达身体状况。

生活语块51~75

I don’t know about you, but…
- I don’t know about you, but I love spicy food.
- I don’t know about you, but I prefer morning workouts.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达个人看法。
It’s always been…
- It’s always been my dream to travel the world.
- It’s always been difficult for me to learn languages.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达长期感受。
I’ve been meaning to…
- I’ve been meaning to call you for a while.
- I’ve been meaning to clean my room this weekend.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达计划但未完成的事。
That’s a good point.
- That’s a good point, I hadn’t thought of that.
- That’s a good point, maybe we should reconsider.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达认同对方观点。
I’m not sure how to…
- I’m not sure how to fix this problem.
- I’m not sure how to respond to that email.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达不确定的能力。
It’s kind of difficult to…
- It’s kind of difficult to find parking here.
- It’s kind of difficult to understand the instructions.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达困难。
I’m always up for…
- I’m always up for trying new food.
- I’m always up for a challenge.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达积极态度。
I’ve heard that…
- I’ve heard that the new cafe is really good.
- I’ve heard that the company is hiring.
- 🎤 录音练习：分享听说的信息。
I’m afraid that…
- I’m afraid that I can’t make it to the meeting.
- I’m afraid that the project will be delayed.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达担忧。
I hope that…
- I hope that everything goes well.
- I hope that we can finish on time.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达希望。
I didn’t realize that…
- I didn’t realize that the store closes so early.
- I didn’t realize how much I enjoyed cooking.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达你之前没意识到的事。
I was hoping to…
- I was hoping to get some help with my project.
- I was hoping to meet up this weekend.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达你的期待。
It seems like…
- It seems like it’s going to rain today.
- It seems like everyone is busy lately.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它表达观察。
I’m trying not to…
- I’m trying not to eat too much junk food.
- I’m trying not to stay up too late.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达努力控制行为。
I’m planning to…
- I’m planning to take a trip next month.
- I’m planning to start a new hobby.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈你的计划。
I wish I could…
- I wish I could speak French fluently.
- I wish I could travel more often.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达愿望。
It’s not worth it.
- It’s not worth arguing over small things.
- It’s not worth buying an expensive gadget.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达某事不值得。
I’m glad you asked.
- I’m glad you asked because I have some ideas.
- I’m glad you asked, I wanted to talk about that.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它回应问题。
I’ve been working on…
- I’ve been working on improving my coding skills.
- I’ve been working on a personal project.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍你正在做的事。
I’m curious about…
- I’m curious about the new technology.
- I’m curious about how that works.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达好奇。
I don’t mind if…
- I don’t mind if you take the lead.
- I don’t mind if we eat out tonight.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达无所谓。
I had no idea that…
- I had no idea that you were coming.
- I had no idea that it was so difficult.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达惊讶。
It’s been a long day.
- It’s been a long day at work.
- It’s been a long day running errands.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达疲惫。
I’d be happy to…
- I’d be happy to help you with that.
- I’d be happy to join the meeting.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达愿意帮忙。
I’m not used to…
- I’m not used to waking up early.
- I’m not used to spicy food.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达不习惯。

生活语块76~100

I’m trying to get better at…
- I’m trying to get better at public speaking.
- I’m trying to get better at time management.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈提升方向。
I have no problem with…
- I have no problem with working overtime.
- I have no problem with new challenges.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达态度。
I haven’t decided whether…
- I haven’t decided whether to accept the offer.
- I haven’t decided whether to move to a new city.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达犹豫。
I hope you don’t mind…
- I hope you don’t mind if I ask a question.
- I hope you don’t mind me being late.
- 🎤 录音练习：礼貌请求。
It’s been great talking to you.
- It’s been great talking to you. Let’s catch up soon.
- It’s been great talking to you. Have a good day!
- 🎤 录音练习：用它结束对话。
I can’t help but…
- I can’t help but laugh when I watch that show.
- I can’t help but feel nervous before presentations.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达情绪难以控制。
I’ve been meaning to ask…
- I’ve been meaning to ask how your project is going.
- I’ve been meaning to ask if you’re free this weekend.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它礼貌发起话题。
That makes sense.
- That makes sense why you were late.
- That makes sense to choose that option.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达理解和认同。
I’m feeling under the weather.
- I’m feeling under the weather today, so I’m resting.
- I’m feeling under the weather after the trip.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达身体不适。
I’m working on it.
- I’m working on it and should finish soon.
- I’m working on improving my skills.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达正在进行中的事情。
I couldn’t agree more.
- I couldn’t agree more with your point.
- I couldn’t agree more that communication is key.
- 🎤 录音练习：强烈认同。
That’s exactly what I mean.
- That’s exactly what I mean about teamwork.
- That’s exactly what I mean regarding deadlines.
- 🎤 录音练习：强调观点。
I’ve got a lot on my plate.
- I’ve got a lot on my plate with work deadlines.
- I’ve got a lot on my plate this week with family events.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达工作繁忙。
I’m in a bit of a rush.
- I’m in a bit of a rush, can we talk later?
- I’m in a bit of a rush to catch the train.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达赶时间。
I can’t thank you enough.
- I can’t thank you enough for your help.
- I can’t thank you enough for the opportunity.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达感激。
That sounds like a plan.
- That sounds like a plan for the weekend.
- That sounds like a plan to finish the project.
- 🎤 录音练习：表示赞同建议。
I’m on my way.
- I’m on my way, I’ll be there in 10 minutes.
- I’m on my way to the office now.
- 🎤 录音练习：通知对方自己出发了。
I was caught off guard.
- I was caught off guard by the sudden question.
- I was caught off guard by the news.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达措手不及。
I’m feeling a bit overwhelmed.
- I’m feeling a bit overwhelmed with all these tasks.
- I’m feeling a bit overwhelmed by the changes.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达压力大。
Let’s get back on track.
- Let’s get back on track with the project timeline.
- Let’s get back on track after the interruption.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它重新集中讨论。
I’m happy to help.
- I’m happy to help with the presentation.
- I’m happy to help you learn the system.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达乐意帮助。
That’s out of my hands.
- That’s out of my hands, I’ll escalate it.
- That’s out of my hands, we need management approval.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达无能为力。
I’ll keep you posted.
- I’ll keep you posted on any updates.
- I’ll keep you posted about the meeting time.
- 🎤 录音练习：承诺保持沟通。
I’m glad to hear that.
- I’m glad to hear that you’re feeling better.
- I’m glad to hear that the project is progressing well.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达听到好消息的高兴。
That’s a tough question.
- That’s a tough question, I need to think about it.
- That’s a tough question, but here’s my answer.
- 🎤 录音练习：回答难题时用。

工作面试语块1~25

I was responsible for…
- maintaining the core backend services.
- leading the migration from MongoDB to PostgreSQL.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它介绍你最近的工作职责。
One challenge I faced was…
- scaling the system during peak hours.
- aligning stakeholders across two departments.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述一次你遇到的难题。
To solve that, I…
- designed a batching system to reduce DB load.
- introduced structured logging with JSON.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述你如何解决问题。
The result was…
- a 50% improvement in performance.
- more reliable deployments with zero downtime.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述工作成果。
I collaborated with…
- our product manager and two frontend engineers.
- the data team to integrate demand forecasting.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍你和谁合作。
I learned a lot from…
- working on a complex distributed system.
- the feedback I got from code reviews.
- 🎤 录音练习：说说你学到了什么。
If I could do it again, I would…
- improve the testing strategy.
- communicate earlier with the team.
- 🎤 录音练习：分享经验教训。
One example that comes to mind is…
- when we reduced system downtime by 80%.
- when I automated the deployment process.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲一个具体案例。
What sets me apart is…
- my attention to detail.
- my ability to stay calm under pressure.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍你的优势。
I’m excited about this opportunity because…
- it aligns with my skills and goals.
- I want to work with a talented team.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达你的动机。
My role involved…
- designing APIs and database schemas.
- monitoring production systems.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述你的工作内容。
I took the initiative to…
- refactor legacy code.
- improve deployment automation.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述你主动做的事情。
A key metric I improved was…
- reducing response time by 30%.
- increasing system uptime to 99.9%.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍工作成果的指标。
I had to deal with…
- tight deadlines and shifting priorities.
- cross-team communication challenges.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述你面对的挑战。
I’m comfortable working with…
- cloud platforms like AWS and GCP.
- container technologies like Docker and Kubernetes.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈你的技术栈。
I regularly presented…
- project updates to stakeholders.
- technical designs in team meetings.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍你的汇报经验。
I improved processes by…
- automating repetitive tasks.
- standardizing coding practices.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述你优化流程的经验。
I ensured quality by…
- writing unit and integration tests.
- conducting code reviews.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述你的质量保障措施。
I worked under pressure to…
- meet tight project deadlines.
- quickly resolve production incidents.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述你在压力下的表现。
I’m looking forward to…
- contributing to innovative projects.
- growing my skills in cloud computing.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈你的职业期望。
My main responsibility was…
- developing APIs for internal tools.
- managing cloud infrastructure.
- 🎤 录音练习：用它介绍你主要职责。
I successfully completed…
- a migration project ahead of schedule.
- the rollout of a new feature for users.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述你完成的项目。
I handled…
- customer support for technical issues.
- the deployment process for microservices.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述你负责的工作。
One key skill I developed was…
- problem-solving under pressure.
- efficient database querying.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈你培养的技能。
I took ownership of…
- redesigning the payment system.
- automating reporting dashboards.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达你负责的任务。

工作面试语块26~50

I worked closely with…
- the QA team to ensure software quality.
- stakeholders to define requirements.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述合作经历。
A major accomplishment was…
- reducing server downtime by 40%.
- increasing user engagement by 25%.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍你的成果。
I used tools like…
- Jenkins and Kubernetes for CI/CD.
- Git and JIRA for version control and tracking.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍你用过的工具。
I participated in…
- daily stand-ups and sprint planning.
- code reviews and pair programming.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈团队协作。
I focused on…
- improving system reliability.
- optimizing application performance.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述你工作的重点。
I developed expertise in…
- cloud computing and distributed systems.
- container orchestration and automation.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈你的专业领域。
I mentored junior engineers by…
- conducting code reviews.
- organizing knowledge-sharing sessions.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍辅导经验。
I adapted quickly to…
- changing project requirements.
- new technologies and tools.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述适应能力。
I improved communication by…
- setting up regular sync meetings.
- documenting processes clearly.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述沟通改进。
I ensured compliance with…
- security best practices.
- company policies and regulations.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈合规工作。
I prioritized tasks based on…
- business impact and urgency.
- resource availability.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述任务管理。
I resolved conflicts by…
- facilitating open discussions.
- finding common ground.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述冲突处理。
I documented processes to…
- ensure consistency and knowledge transfer.
- reduce onboarding time for new hires.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍文档工作。
I monitored system performance using…
- Prometheus and Grafana dashboards.
- custom alerting tools.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈监控经验。
I contributed to improving…
- team workflows and efficiency.
- code quality and testing coverage.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述你的贡献。
I implemented…
- a new feature that improved user engagement.
- an automation script to speed up testing.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述你完成的技术实现。
I managed a team of…
- five engineers working on backend systems.
- three developers focusing on frontend features.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍你的管理经验。
I improved…
- system scalability by redesigning architecture.
- code quality through rigorous reviews.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述你的优化经验。
I troubleshot…
- critical bugs during production incidents.
- performance bottlenecks in the application.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述解决问题过程。
I participated in…
- cross-functional meetings with product and design.
- agile ceremonies including sprint retrospectives.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈团队协作。
I wrote documentation for…
- APIs to help other developers integrate.
- deployment processes to standardize operations.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍你的文档贡献。
I monitored…
- application health with Grafana dashboards.
- system logs to detect anomalies.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述监控经验。
I automated…
- build and deployment pipelines.
- routine testing to improve reliability.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述自动化工作。
I conducted training on…
- new software tools for team members.
- best coding practices and standards.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍培训经历。
I ensured that…
- projects met deadlines and quality standards.
- security requirements were followed.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达责任感。

工作面试语块51~75

I collaborated with stakeholders to…
- gather requirements and prioritize features.
- define project scope and timelines.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述沟通协调。
I optimized…
- database queries to reduce latency.
- front-end code to improve user experience.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈优化项目。
I handled escalations when…
- critical issues arose in production.
- clients had urgent requests.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述危机管理。
I designed…
- microservices to enhance modularity.
- REST APIs for third-party integrations.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍设计经验。
I balanced…
- competing priorities to meet deadlines.
- technical debt and feature development.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈项目管理。
I proactively identified…
- risks and created mitigation plans.
- performance issues before they escalated.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达主动性。
I improved deployment processes by…
- implementing CI/CD pipelines.
- introducing automated rollback mechanisms.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述流程改进。
I worked with cross-functional teams to…
- deliver end-to-end solutions.
- align on project goals and timelines.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述跨部门协作。
I participated in code reviews to…
- ensure code quality and standards.
- mentor junior developers.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈代码审查。
I contributed ideas that…
- improved product usability.
- enhanced system reliability.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达你的贡献。
I analyzed…
- user behavior data to improve features.
- system logs to identify root causes.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述分析工作。
I ensured timely delivery of…
- multiple projects within budget.
- software releases with high quality.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述交付经验。
I handled client communication for…
- requirements gathering and feedback.
- issue resolution and updates.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍客户沟通。
I contributed to technical discussions by…
- proposing scalable solutions.
- identifying potential risks early.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈技术贡献。
I improved system uptime by…
- implementing redundant architectures.
- proactive monitoring and alerting.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述提升可靠性。
I participated in the design of…
- microservices architecture.
- cloud-native applications.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述设计经历。
I coordinated with cross-functional teams to…
- align project goals and timelines.
- troubleshoot and resolve issues.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述协调经验。
I adopted agile methodologies such as…
- Scrum and Kanban for project management.
- continuous integration for faster releases.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈敏捷实践。
I managed project risks by…
- creating mitigation plans.
- regular status reporting.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达风险管理。
I created dashboards to…
- visualize key performance indicators.
- track project progress and issues.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍数据可视化。
I optimized workflows by…
- automating manual processes.
- standardizing procedures.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈流程优化。
I collaborated remotely using…
- tools like Slack and Zoom.
- shared documentation platforms.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述远程协作。
I designed scalable solutions for…
- handling increasing user loads.
- processing large datasets efficiently.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍设计方案。
I implemented security measures including…
- data encryption and access controls.
- vulnerability assessments.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈安全工作。
I automated testing using…
- unit and integration test frameworks.
- continuous testing pipelines.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述自动化测试。

工作面试语块76~100

I facilitated knowledge sharing by…
- organizing tech talks and workshops.
- creating internal wiki pages.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述知识分享。
I monitored project budgets to…
- ensure cost-effectiveness.
- avoid overspending.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈预算管理。
I participated in recruitment by…
- screening candidates.
- conducting technical interviews.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍招聘经验。
I improved team productivity through…
- introducing better tooling.
- fostering collaboration culture.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述提升效率。
I’m eager to apply my skills to…
- solve challenging problems.
- contribute to innovative projects.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达职业愿景。
I designed and implemented…
- a new feature that improved customer retention.
- an internal tool to automate reporting.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述设计和实现的工作。
I successfully led…
- a team through a critical product launch.
- a migration project without downtime.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍领导经验。
I identified bottlenecks in…
- the data processing pipeline.
- the user authentication flow.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述发现瓶颈。
I implemented best practices for…
- code quality and maintainability.
- deployment and monitoring.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍规范实践。
I resolved complex issues by…
- debugging distributed systems.
- collaborating with cross-functional teams.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述解决难题。
I worked closely with product managers to…
- define feature requirements.
- prioritize development tasks.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述与产品经理合作。
I contributed to open source projects by…
- fixing bugs and submitting patches.
- writing documentation and tests.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍开源贡献。
I improved system reliability by…
- implementing automated failover.
- optimizing resource allocation.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈提高可靠性。
I collaborated with QA teams to…
- ensure thorough test coverage.
- identify and fix bugs early.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍QA协作。
I maintained documentation for…
- system architecture and APIs.
- operational procedures.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述文档工作。
I mentored interns and new hires by…
- providing onboarding sessions.
- offering code review feedback.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍辅导经历。
I contributed to performance tuning by…
- profiling and optimizing code.
- caching frequently accessed data.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈性能优化。
I handled multiple projects simultaneously by…
- effective time management.
- prioritizing critical tasks.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述多任务处理。
I participated in architecture discussions to…
- evaluate new technologies.
- design scalable systems.
- 🎤 录音练习：讲述架构设计。
I ensured security compliance through…
- regular audits and testing.
- enforcing access controls.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍安全工作。
I automated repetitive tasks by…
- scripting deployment pipelines.
- developing internal tools.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈自动化。
I worked in an Agile environment using…
- Jira for task tracking.
- daily stand-ups and sprint planning.
- 🎤 录音练习：介绍敏捷实践。
I resolved customer issues by…
- troubleshooting and debugging.
- coordinating with support teams.
- 🎤 录音练习：描述客户支持。
I continuously learned new technologies such as…
- Kubernetes and Docker.
- cloud platforms like AWS.
- 🎤 录音练习：谈谈学习成长。
I’m excited to bring my experience in…
- backend development to your team.
- scalable system design to this role.
- 🎤 录音练习：表达对职位的热情。

Coding

explain code

692. Top K Frequent Words

Given an array of strings words and an integer k, return the k most frequent strings.

Return the answer sorted by the frequency from highest to lowest. Sort the words with the same frequency by their lexicographical(/leksɪkəˈɡræfɪkl/ adj. 辞典编纂的) order.

Example 1:

Input: words = ["i","love","leetcode","i","love","coding"], k = 2
Output: ["i","love"]
Explanation: “i” and “love” are the two most frequent words. Note that “i” comes before “love” due to a lower alphabetical order.

Example 2:

Input: words = ["the","day","is","sunny","the","the","the","sunny","is","is"], k = 4
Output: ["the","is","sunny","day"]
Explanation: “the”, “is”, “sunny” and “day” are the four most frequent words, with the number of occurrence being 4, 3, 2 and 1 respectively.

Summary:

ok, let me read the problem statement …
to solve this problem,
First, I use a HashMap to count the frequency of each word.
Then, I use a min-heap with a fixed size of k to find the top k frequent words. the heap will store these words in an ascending frequency order, and if two words’ frequency are the same, the heap will sort them in reverse alphabetical order.
Next, I’m gonna iterate through the map, and In each iteration if the current word’s frequency is larger than the top element of the heap, or if their frequency is equal, I will compare these two words with their alphabetical order, if the current word’s alphabetical order is smaller, I insert it into the heap.
after processing, I convert this heap into a list, and because it’s a min-heap, I will reverse the list to get the right order.

import java.util.*;

class Solution {
    public List<String> topKFrequent(String[] ws, int k) {
        // first, we should add a null check
        if (words == null || words.length == 0 || k <= 0) {
            return new ArrayList<>();
        }

        // first, let me Create a HashMap with string keys and integer values, I use it to count how many times each word appears for later calculations.
        Map<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
        // let's iterate through the given string array
        for (String w : ws) {
            // and store each string as a key and its frequency as the value in the map.
            map.put(w, map.getOrDefault(w, 0) + 1);
            // This map now contains each word and its frequency
        }

        // Does that make sense so far?

        // Create a priority queue, which is a min-heap, 
        // ordered first by frequency(sort it based on how many times each word appears),
        // and for those words with the same frequency, sort them in reverse alphabetical order.
        PriorityQueue<Object[]> q = new PriorityQueue<>(k, (a, b) -> {
            int c1 = (Integer) a[0], c2 = (Integer) b[0];
            // If their frequencies is not the same, sort them in an increasing/ascending frequency order
            if (c1 != c2) return c1 - c2;
            String s1 = (String) a[1], s2 = (String) b[1];
            // If frequencies are equal, sort by reverse lexicographical/alphabetical order
            return s2.compareTo(s1);
        });

        // so far so good ? 到目前为止还顺利吗？

        // then let's Go through each word in the map
        // then let's Go through the map
        for (String s : map.keySet()) {
            int cnt = map.get(s); // Get the frequency of the current word

            if (q.size() < k) {
                // If the heap hasn't reached size k, just add the element to the PriorityQueue
                q.add(new Object[]{cnt, s});
            } else {
                // let's Look at the top element of the heap (the "smallest" one)
                Object[] peek = q.peek();
                // because "the peek at index zero"("peek zero" or "peek at zero") is a object, we have to cast it to an integer
                if (cnt > (Integer) peek[0]) {
                    // If current word's frequency is higher than the smallest in heap, replace it
                    q.poll(); // Remove the smallest element
                    q.add(new Object[]{cnt, s}); // Add the new word to the PriorityQueue
                } else if (cnt == (Integer) peek[0]) {
                    // If frequencies are equal, compare the words in their lexicographical order
                    // let's cast "the peek at index one"("peek at one" or "peek one") to a String,
                    // then assign it to the variable top.
                    String top = (String) peek[1];
                    if (s.compareTo(top) < 0) {
                        // If current word comes before the top word in dictionary order, replace the top word with current word
                        q.poll();
                        q.add(new Object[]{cnt, s});
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // maybe we can `factor out` a method for the above block of code? **提取**出一个方法

        // let's define a array list with string values called "answer"
        List<String> ans = new ArrayList<>();
        // go through the priority queue and add each string to the array list
        while (!q.isEmpty()) {
            // Since it's a min-heap, we need to reverse the result later
            ans.add((String) q.poll()[1]);
        }
        // finally, let's reverse the array list to get descending frequency order, in this way, we can make the highest frequency words come first
        Collections.reverse(ans);
        return ans;
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // let's create a Solution object "sol"
        Solution sol = new Solution();
        // next, define a List with string values called "result"
        // then we use the object 'sol' to call its topKFrequent method , and then pass a String array and a integer 4 to this method
        List<String> res = sol.topKFrequent(new String[]{"the","day","is","sunny","the","the","the","sunny","is","is"}, 4);
        // finally, let me print out the result array list
        System.out.println(res);

        // I should comment out this line, it's useless now.
        Solution sol2 = new Solution();

        // finally, let's analyze the Time Complexity: O(nlogk)
        // I think the time complexity is big O of n log k, the n is number of unique words, and heap operations are big O of log k

        // Space Complexity: O(n)
        // its space complexity is big O of n, because we define a hash map and a priority queue.
    }
}

// class Pair {
//     int frequency = 0;
//     String word;

//     public Pair(int freq, String w) {
//         frequency = freq;
//         word = w;
//     }
// }

complexity

Time Complexity	Name	Growth Behavior
O(1)	Constant time	Doesn’t grow with input
O(log n)	Logarithmic `/ˌlɔːɡəˈrɪðmɪk/` time	Grows very slowly
O(n)	Linear time	Grows directly with input
O(n log n)	Linearithmic time	Slightly faster than linear
O(n²)	Quadratic `/kwɑːˈdrætɪk/` time	Grows quickly (nested loops)
O(2ⁿ), O(n!)	Exponential `/ˌekspəˈnenʃl/` time	Grows explosively — usually too slow

O(nlogk) : Big O of n log k
O(n²) :
- Big O of n squared
- Big O of n to the power of 2
- Big O of n to the second power
O(n³) :
- Big O of n cubed
- Big O of n to the power of 3
- Big O of n to the third power
O(2ⁿ) :
- Big O of 2 to the n
- Big O of 2 to the power of n
- Big O of 2 to the n power
O(n!) : Big O of n factorial”

Digits

0.5 → zero point five
-0.5 → “negative zero point five” or “minus zero point five”
½ → “one half”
⅓ → “one third”
¼ → “one quarter” or “one fourth”
¾ → “three quarters”
⅔ → “two thirds”
1/5 → “one fifth”
2/5 → “two fifths”
3/5 → “three fifths”
4/5 → “four fifths”

This style (ordinal denominator with “-th” or “-ths”) is standard for fractions where the denominator is 5 or higher (except for 2 and 4, which are commonly “half” and “quarter”).

标点符号

1. 标点符号英文表达

中文名称	英文名称	符号	英文示例及用法说明
冒号	Colon	:	用于引出解释、列表或引用。 Example: She said: “I love coding.”
感叹号	Exclamation `/ˌeks.kləˈmeɪ.ʃən/` mark	!	表示强烈情感或强调。 Example: What a beautiful day!
问号	Question mark	?	用于疑问句结尾。 Example: Where are you going?
分号	Semicolon	;	分隔并列分句或复杂列表项。 Example: I need to buy apples, bananas; and oranges.
逗号	Comma	,	分隔句子成分、列举项或引导从句。 Example: He is tall, smart, and kind.

2. 关键字的英文表达

关键字 的英文是 Keyword（单数）或 Keywords（复数）。
- 用法：在编程、搜索引擎优化（SEO）、写作中，指具有特定含义或功能的词。
- 示例：
  - In Python, “if”, “for”, and “while” are keywords.（在Python中，“if”、“for”和“while”是关键字。）
  - Use relevant keywords in your essay to improve searchability.（在文章中使用相关关键字以提高可搜索性。）

补充：常见符号的英文读法

@：At sign / At symbol（如邮箱地址中）
Example: user.name@domain.com → “user dot name at domain dot com”
#：Hash(In programming) / Number sign（美式英语）/ Pound sign（英式英语）
Example: #topic → “hash topic” (in Python/Java)
$：Dollar sign
*: asterisk
%：Percent sign
&：Ampersand(/ ˈæmpərsænd /)
/: slash
-: dash
_: underscore
~: tilde (/ˈtɪl.də/)
()：Parentheses /pəˈren.θə.sɪs/（括号，单数为 parenthesis）
- ( : left parenthesis
[]：Brackets / Square brackets
{}：Braces / Curly brackets / Braces
>=: “greater than or equal to”

加减乘除

英文中表示加减乘除的常见词汇和表达方式如下，以具体例子说明：

1. 加法（Addition）

词汇：add（动词）、plus（介词）、addition（名词）
例子：
- 8 + 3
  - 读作：Eight plus three 或 Eight add three
  - 结果表达：Eight plus three equals eleven（8 + 3 = 11）。
  - 结果表达：Eight plus three is equal to eleven（8 + 3 = 11）。

2. 减法（Subtraction）

词汇：subtract（动词）、minus（介词）、subtraction（名词）
例子：
- 8 - 3
  - 读作：Eight minus three 或 Three subtracted from eight
  - 结果表达：Eight minus three equals five（8 - 3 = 5）。

3. 乘法（Multiplication）

词汇：multiply（动词）、times（介词）、multiplication（名词）
例子：
- 8 × 3
  - 读作：Eight times three 或 Eight multiplied by three
  - 结果表达：Eight times three equals twenty-four（8 × 3 = 24）。

4. 除法（Division）

词汇：divide（动词）、divided by（介词短语）、division（名词）
例子1：
- 8 ÷ 3
  - 读作：Eight divided by three
  - 结果表达：
    - 若为整数除法：Eight divided by three is two with a remainder of two（8 ÷ 3 = 2 余 2）。
    - 若为小数结果：Eight divided by three equals approximately two point six six six*（8 ÷ 3 ≈ 2.666）。
    - Eight divided by three is about 2.667.
例子2:
- 8 不能被3 整除
- eight can not be evenly divided by 3

其他常用表达

等于：equals / is equal to / is
- Eight plus three equals eleven（8 + 3 = 11）。
- Eight plus three is equal to eleven（8 + 3 = 11）。
- Eight plus three is eleven（8 + 3 = 11）。
总和：the sum of
- 例：The sum of eight and three is eleven（8 + 3 = 11）。
总和：the difference between
- 例：The difference between eight and three is five（8 - 3 = 5）。
乘积：the product of
- 例：The product of eight and three is twenty-four（8 × 3 = 24）。
商：the quotient(/ˈkwoʊʃ(ə)nt/) of
- 例：The quotient of eight and three is approximately two point six six six（8 ÷ 3 ≈ 2.666）。

真题-java代码表达式

nums[i] : nums at i
有个java代码表达式是这样的: i *= i /= i , 英语应该怎么读?
- i times-equals i divided-by-equals i
x += y -= x *= y
- x plus equals y minus equals x times equals y.
a +-*/ b
- we should say: Here, the plus, minus, asterisk and slash operators are used.
a === b
- a triple equals b
a = b == c ? d : e
- a equals b double equals c question mark d colon e
i++
- i plus plus
'5' + '2' = '52'
- We concatenate(/kənˈkæt(ə)nˌeɪt/) strings ‘5’ and ‘2’ to get ‘52’.
- String ‘5’ is concatenated with string ‘2’ to get ‘52’
- String ‘5’ concatenated with string ‘2’ becomes ‘52’
- The string ‘5’ and ‘2’ are concatenated to get ‘52’.
- The values ‘5’ and ‘2’ are concatenated into ‘52’.
i++ + ++i
- i post-increment plus pre-increment i.
x = (y = (z = 5))
- x equals y equals z equals five.
a &= b |= c ^= d
- a bitwise and equals b bitwise or equals c bitwise xor equals d.
i = (j = (k = (l = 0)))
- i equals j equals k equals l equals zero.

Seeing a doc

prostatitis

I was diagnosed with chronic prostatitis / ˌprɑːstəˈtaɪtɪs / before, and the antibiotic /ˌæntibaɪˈɑːtɪk/ Ciprofloxacin worked very well for me. Now the symptoms are coming back. I’d prefer to take the same medication again, if possible, to avoid unnecessary testing.

I’m peeing all the time, and I can’t hold it. It’s like that during the day and even at night when I’m trying to sleep. I’ve had this prostatitis / ˌprɑːstəˈtaɪtɪs / problem in the past, and I’m pretty sure it’s acting up again. I don’t have a fever, and peeing doesn’t hurt,

I had similar symptoms before, and an antibiotic /ˌæntibaɪˈɑːtɪk/ (Ciprofloxacin环丙沙星) helped last time.

Would it be possible to prescribe something like that again if you think it’s appropriate?

How long have the symptoms lasted?
- → “About 3 days.”（大约3天）
Any pain when urinating?
- → “No burning pain, just urgency and frequency.”）
Any fever, chills, or back pain?
- → “No fever or chills.”（没有）
Any discharge or blood in urine?
- → “No.”（没有）
Any sexual activity that may be relevant?
- → “No recent sexual activity.”（最近没有）

skin issue

Hi, doctor. This is my thumb. I don’t know why I got this skin condition. It doesn’t hurt or itch — it’s just that the skin on the side of my thumb has become very hard. it’s been almost a year. But it seems like the hardened area is gradually getting larger. What kind of condition is this? What medication should I take?

There’s no bleeding, cracking, or discharge — it just feels rough and dry.
I haven’t had any injuries or allergic reactions that I can recall.
It’s only affecting this one spot, and no other parts of my body.
Is there a risk that this condition could get worse or spread elsewhere?

Q: When did you first notice the hardening of the skin?
A: I first noticed it about a year ago. At the time, it was just a small patch of rough skin on the side of my thumb.

Q: Has the appearance or texture changed over time?
A: Yes, it has slowly become harder and slightly thicker over time. The area has also expanded a little.

Q: Have you been exposed to any chemicals, detergents, or frequent handwashing?
A: Not really. I don’t work with harsh chemicals, and although I wash my hands regularly, it’s not excessive.

Q: Do you have a history of skin conditions or allergies?
A: No, I’ve never had any chronic skin issues or diagnosed allergies before.

Q: Is there anyone in your family with similar symptoms or skin conditions?
A: Not that I know of. No one in my immediate family has had similar problems.

Q: Do you work with your hands a lot or in a dry environment?
A: I mostly work in an office setting, so I don’t use my hands for manual labor. But the environment does tend to be dry, especially in winter.

Q: Have you tried any treatments or over-the-counter creams?
A: I’ve tried using moisturizing cream regularly, but it hasn’t made a noticeable difference.

Q: Do you have any other symptoms — such as pain, swelling, numbness, or changes in nail appearance?
A: No, there’s no pain, swelling, or numbness, and my nail looks completely normal.

Beautiful English Sentences